Kerala Wonderful state and Beautiful place in the world.Presently kerala state situating in India.This State is Calling "God's Own Country".There are many opinion about the origin of kerala.firstly The parashuraman to dart his axe through the Indian ocion,at the time Kanyakumari to Gokarnam places are build after this place is called Kerala.The History of Kerala begins B.C 4000.but the first recorded history of Kerala appears in the inscriptions of the Mauryan Emperor, Ashoka (269-232 b.c.).In these inscriptions, Ashoka refers to four independent kingdoms that lay to the south of his empire. These were the kingdoms of the Cholas, the Pandyas, the Keralaputrasand the Satiyaputras.Among them, the Keralaputras or the Cheras, as they were called, reigned over Malabar, Cochin and North Travancore – all part of present-day Kerala. They managed to maintain their independence because they were on good terms with the Great Maurya. Otherwise, Ashoka, who was a great empire builder, would surely have attempted to bring these kingdoms under his tutelage.The four South Indian Kingdoms extended a hand of friendship towards the Mauryas. The Sangam AgeInformation about the Cheras during the Mauryan times is very scarce. It is only in the Sangam Age that the history of Kerala emerges from myths and legends. The Sangam Age refers to the period during which Sangam literature was composed. Sangam literally means academy and these great works in Tamil were written in the first four centuries of the Christian era. Tradition has it that the first three academies met at Madurai and were attended by kings and poets.However, the literature composed at the First Sangam is no longer extant.
Tolkappiyam : The earliest work on Tamil grammar, was composed during the Second Sangam.Ettutogai : The Third Sangam produced a remarkable collection of Tamil literature known as Ettutogai ("Eight Anthologies"). These anthologies give us a detailed description of the political, social and economic conditions of that period.The Thamil Sangam book "Pathupattu"
give information about early History of Kerala
¤ The Chera KingdomThe Sangam Age witnessed three political powers ruling the area which now constitutes the State of Kerala. These were the Ays in the south, the Cheras in Central Kerala and Ezhimalas to the north. The Ays established a kingdom which in its halcyon days, extended from Tiruvalla in the north to Nagercoil in the south. Antiran, Titiyam and Atiyan were the most prominent of the Ay rulers.The Ezhimalas too ruled over an extensive area that covers the present Kannur and Wynad districts of North Kerala. However, the Cheras were the most conspicuous of the dynasties and founded a powerful kingdom in Kerala.The first Chera ruler was Perumchottu Utiyan Cheralatan – a contemporary of the great Chola, King Karikalan. After suffering a humiliating defeat at the hands of the Chola ruler at the battle of Venni, he committed suicide.His son, Imayavaramban Nedum Cheralatan, another important Chera ruler, succeeded him. During his long rule of 58 years, Imayavaramban Nedun Cheralatan consolidated the Chera Dynasty and extended its frontiers. He inflicted a crushing defeat on his sworn enemies, the Kadambas of Banavasi (see Uttar Kannad for details). Imayavaramban’s reign is of special significance to the development of art and literature. Kannanar was his poet laureate.However, the greatest Chera King was Kadalpirakottiya Vel Kelu Kuttuvan, who is also identified with the mythical hero of the Silappadigaram (The Jewelled Anklet). Silappadigaram is one of the three great Tamil epics of the Sangam Age. The other two are Manimegalai and Sivaga-Sindamani. The great Tamil poet, Paranar, refers to his military exploits including his famous victory at Mogur Mannan and Kongar. Kuttuvan was the proponent of the Patni (wife) cult. The cult emphasised the utter devotion of a wife towards her husband. He dedicated a temple at Vanchi to Kannagi (the female protagonist of Silappadigaram), and the present Kurumba Bhagavati Temple at Kodungallur (Cranganore) is modelled on it. Kannagi’s devotion towards her husband was legendary. Recently, the Indian Government has instituted an award in her memory, which is given to the women. More about Kerala:http://www.endeamalayalam.blogspot.com/
Important Years in Early History of Kerala(B.C 3000toAD 1)
B.C 3000:Sindu Vally peoples & Kerala People Begind trade
B.C 2000: Assiriyans & Babiloniyans Came to Kerala
B.C 1000: ELEPHANTS TUSK,Monkeys and Peecocks are traiding for King of Solaman in Israyil
B.C: 700: Dravidans came to kerala and after thire build a new culture in kerala
B.C 330 : Megasthanies(The famous Greek seaer) to said about Kerala
B.C 272-233: Religion of Buddha came in Kerala
B.C 257 :Maurya King Ashokas Second inscription.He said to the culture of kerala
Important Year’s in Kerala History –A.D 1 to 1956
A.D 45: Hippalas (Roman Greek sailer) to come in Musris (now in Kodungallur)
A.D 52: S.T Thomas Come in Kerala
A.D 68: Judah’s come in Kerala. There builds our prayer houses
A.D 125-180: Cheran chenkuttavan ruled in Kerala
A.D 189: Padenus (Alexandrian Man) Came in Kerala
A.D 315: Brahmins handled kulashekara perumal the rules in Kerala
A.D 354: Constandines Come in Kerala
A.D 639: Huyan Sang Come in Kerala
A.D 644: Malik Dinar Came in Kerala and he try to people converting Islam.
A.D 650: The religion Buddha destroyed in Kerala
A.D 788-820: The Life of Shankaracharaya (The Father of Aduyitha)
A.D 825: Kollavrsham Begined (Kerala Colander)
A.D 849: Tharisa Palli Shasanam (This was written Ayyandi Thiruvadikal)
A.D 851: Arabian Trade Man Suliman Come in Kerala
A.D 900:S.T Thomas Church built in Malayattur
A.D.925: Paliyam Shasanam
A.D 974: Mampalli Shasanam
A.D 1000: Raja Raja Chola Attacking Kerala, Bhaskaravi Varmma’s Judha Shasanam
A.D 1168. Literature Book syandhapuranam written this time
A.D 1196: Vellayani Shasanam
A.D 1292: Marko Polo Come in Kerala
A.D 1295: Kozhikode (Calicut) City was builded
A.D 1325-1360: The life of Lakshmi das (famous Literature Man).He wrote Shuka Sandesham
A.D 1342: Ibnu Bathutha (Moroko man) come in Kerala
A.D 1374: The Famous Literature work Unnuneeli Sadesham was written
A.D 1400:The famous Historical Book Koka Sadesham was writed
A.D 1409: The Chianies sealer, Mahuan come in Kerala
A.D 1417: The Italaian sailer Neekola kondi come in Kerala
A.D 1427-1500: The Life of Cherusheri.He was Wrote Krishna Gadha
A.D 1495-1575: The Life of Thunjathezhuthachan (The Father of Malayalam Language).His Famous Works are Adiathma Ramayanam Kilipattu,Harinamakeerthanam,shiva puranam etc....
A.D 1498: The Porchugees Navigan Vascoda Gama Come in Kerala.
A.D 1500:Gabral(Portugees)Came in Kerala
A.D1502:Vascoda Gama come to Kerala Secondly
A.D 1559-1620-The life of Melpathoor Narayan Bhattathiri(famous literature man in Kerala).He wrote Narayaniyam.This time another malayalam poet was lived,He was Poothanam.His Famous works Njanapan,noottettu hari,srikshnakarnnamtham etc.........
A.D 1592: Dutch East india Company established
A.D 1616:English East India Company Come in kerala
A.D 1653:koonan kurish pludge
A.D 1663: Portugies defeated by dutchs in Kerala
A.D 1699:Malayalam Grammer book written by Arnoas Pathri
A.D 1729:Marthanda Varmma become a ruler in Thiruvitham koor
A.D 1741:Kulachal War,Dutchs defeated by Marthanda Varama
A.D 1750: Marthanada Varma's Thrpadithanam
A.D 1758: Marthanada Varma died. The Mysoor Sulthan Haider Ali firstly Attacked Kerala.
A.D 1773: Samsheba Vedartha Published
A.D 1767:Haidaraly Build Palakkad Fort
A.D 1792:Thired Mysoor War(Tippu Sulthanv/s Britishs).Sreeranga Pattana Udambadi.Tippu Handled Malabar to British.
A.D 1795:Kerala Varma Pazhassi Raja to attacked Britishs
A.D 1805:Pazhassi Raja was Died
A.D 1809: Kundara proclamatioion by Vealuthambi Dhalava
A.D 1812: Kurichyar Rebellion
A.D 1822: First Chanar Rebellion
A.D 1834: First English School Started in Kerala at Trivandram
A.D 1855: Sree Narayan Guru's Born
A.D 1859:Second Channar Rebellion
A.D 1861: First Railway Line Started,Thirur-Kuttippuram
A.D 1868: Herman Gundert started writings about Kerala
A.D 1872: Gundert Published First Malayalam-English Dictionary
A.D 1887: The News Paper Deepika Started.The First Malayalam Novel Kundaladha Wriiten by Appu Nedungadi.
A.D 1888: Malayala Manorama Company Was Established.Sreenarana Guru to started Aruvippuram Pthishta.
A.D 1889: O.Chandu Menons Induleka was Pubished.
A.D 1891:Malayali Memoriyal Was Started.
A.D 1896:Dr.Palppu Established Ezhava Memoriyal
A.D 1899: Nedungadi Bank,the first bank in Kerala was Started
A.D 1903: S.N.D.P was started
A.D 1906: The World Famous Kerala Painter Raja Ravi Varmma died
A.D 1914 : N.S.S (Nayer Servise Socity)was Established.
A.D:1921: Malabar Mutiny
A.D 1924: Vaikkum Strugle
A.D 1930:Salt Strugle(uppu Sathyagraham).in Kerala take the Leadership Kerala Gandhi K.Kelappan
A.D 1931:Guruvayoor Strugle
A.D 1936:Temple entry Proclamation
A.D 1941:Kayoor Strugle
A.D 1946:Punnapra -Vaylar Strugle.Karivallur Insident
A.D 1956 :The state of Kerala was established on November 1,
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